Recycling Computers :: Recycle Reuse Reduce

Reusing Computers (this paper incorporates overview and results) So as to stay aware of innovation, PCs must be supplanted at regular intervals. A great many people essentially discard their old PCs and other electrical parts since they are uninformed of the ecological issue emerging regularly from the indiscreet removal of gadgets. So as to forestall the devastation of nature individuals must be taught in two territories; what is in the PC itself that makes it unsafe to the earth, and what are the means in discarding innovation appropriately. The initial phase in avoidance is through training. The reason for this record is to teach the buyer on this significance of this issue and what steps they can take by and by to help forestall the issue later on. Today, there is in excess of 2,000,000 tons of electronic waste expending space in the United States’ landfills. A great many people notwithstanding, don't consider this to be an issue. What most buyers don't know is that PCs and electrical parts contain harmful materials, for example, lead, calcium, and mercury that are filtering into our nations landfills. For instance, a PC screen itself may contain as much as eight pounds of lead. At the point when twenty understudies were studied on poisons discovered inside a PC, it was seen that the dominant part knew there were poisons inside. In any case, thirty-three percent didn't have the foggiest idea. When asked what explicit poisons can be found inside, most of the understudies were right with their reactions of every one of the three poisons. Did you realize that there are dangerous materials in PCs? No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Indeed Indeed Indeed Indeed Indeed Indeed Which ones explicitly? Mercury Calcium Lead All Three Mercury Lead All Three Mercury All Three Mercury All Three Each of the Three Each of the Three The more significant issue that must be tended to is if individuals know about the way that they can really reuse their own old PCs. Most of individuals are unconscious of the way that PCs are in reality recyclable completely. Most old PCs wind up gathering dust basically in light of the fact that they are obsolete and better innovation is accessible. At the point when twenty understudies were reviewed on whether they realized PCs were recyclable, 70% addressed that they didn't think PCs had the option to be reused. The accompanying graph shows the outcomes. Is it safe to say that you were mindful that PCs are recyclable? No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No No No No No No There are various associations that are set up carefully to assist individuals with finding electronic reusing data and pick the best strategy for removal that is proper to their particular needs.

Beats By Dre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Beats By Dre - Essay Example Because of the section of new players into the market, the degree of rivalry is accepted to be on the ascent, as makers receive increasingly forceful and showcase jogged promoting ways to deal with connect with new clients (Breen, 2014). Beats by Dre is an earphone fabricating line in the US that has increased noteworthy unmistakable quality because of the advancement and big name supports that it has gained previously. The organization own the customer can get to huge patent for sound innovations and a portion of the music from online music stores. In any case, as a technique to contact new clients and increment impact in the market, the organization has teamed up with various organizations including HTC and Chrysler (Doyle 2011). In 2014, Apple Inc. gained the organization through a money and stock arrangement worth more than $3 billion, one of the biggest organization acquisitions at any point saw in the earphone business. In this report, beats by Dre will be talked about considering its serious market procedures and how it acted even with rising independent companies. Watchman five power examinations and Ansoff development network will be utilized to assess the presentation and possibilities for the organization (Johnston, 2012). The earphone business has risen as one of the most alluring divisions in 2014 because of the rising interests from music makers, cell phone organizations among others. In spite of the fact that the business is as yet rising up out of low market acknowledgment, the notoriety it has picked up in the market shows its extraordinary potential and future possibilities. Various little organizations have entered the market and they keep on transcending the hardened rivalry (Akoth, 2014). One such organization is beats by Dre, an earphone organization that was established in 2006 by Dry Dre, an American artist. Through an all around composed market battle and market refinement programs, the organization gained predominance and regard in the business. This pulled in major

Drinking Our Own Champagne - Focus

Drinking Our Own Champagne - Focus Originally known as Eating your own dog food, Drinking your own champagne is a slang term first used in 2007 by Pegasystems’ CIO, Jo Hoppe, which describes the practice of a company using its own products, either to test drive it before the release or to show confidence in it. Well, we at MindMeister have another reason to use our own product, and that is: We actually really like it. From development  to sales,  every department and every employee actively uses MindMeister. Together, we own about 300 active mind maps, which we use to collect ideas, improve our tool, work on projects or plan company getaways. Now, 300 might not sound like much, but again, those are just our active maps. Don’t get us started on the 9.8 K we’ve got archived … We figured some of you might be interested in taking a look behind the scenes, so we’ve put together a short customer success  story about one of MindMeister’s best customers: the MindMeister team. How MindMeister Uses MindMeister Development “Whenever we start working on a new version of MindMeister, the first thing we do is create a road map for it, explains Laura, one of MindMeisters senior developers. The entire development team as well as management are involved in the initial brainstorming sessions. We note what we want the new version to include and everyone can contribute their ideas. After sorting through everything and eliminating what we decide against, we structure our map and set priorities for features and bug fixes. Every bigger project basically gets its own mind map. For the release of MindMeister 9 for instance were using a pretty big map to guide us through the entire testing process. Every bug and its priority are duly noted there and whoever is assigned  a task subsequently notes their progress in fixing it. It’s important for us to continually use MindMeister in order to experience first-hand what our users are experiencing. It helps us to focus on what’s important and often leads us to problems before any of our users are being affected.” Marketing “Basically, all our marketing activities are outlined in a collection of about ten mind maps, which are shared with all members of the marketing department as well as our analytics and sales managers, and of course management. There is one index map, which provides an overview of the various sub maps which hold more detailed information. Those include plans for SEO and advertisements, PR, business development, content and community, among others. At the beginning of each year, we work together to update the maps and identify new goals and priorities for the following twelve months. Specific projects are defined, mapped out and again linked to their respective sub maps. Beside this big map structure, I also create individual mind maps to outline articles for the blog, decide on the contents of our newsletters, and structure press releases. Sometimes, those maps are extremely rough, more a collection of thoughts, topics and links than anything else. Other times I  just keep adding details, writing down keywords and whole phrases until I have a fully developed text. In that case I just export the whole map as a Word document and then take it form there.” Analytics “I create a new map for myself every year. I start with the most important thing, which are the goals I want to achieve. On the opposite side of my map, I create a topic for ‘Projects Experiments’, which is where I list the various projects I plan to realize in order to reach the stated goals. Projects are marked with colored flags and often feature deadlines, notes and links to my research. As soon as I’ve completed a project or implemented a new idea, I drag it to my ‘Accomplished’ topic. From there, I can easily retrieve it, create a presentation with it or export it to a Word document to turn it into a report.” Business Development Partner Management “When managing our various partners around the world there are many different aspects to what they need and when it’s needed, explains Richard, MindMeisters partner manager. It’s very important for me to stay on top of everything and to respond to requests as quickly as possible. For managing our partners I have one main mind map in which I have each partner listed on level 1 nodes. Under each partner I have contact details, notes, next steps and reminders for milestones. Another map we use a lot, which is similar to the Partner Management map, is called New Business Development, in this map we track each stage of the process of building relationships with new strategic partners. Everything from initial contact to assigning tasks is recorded in this map. Again we also have next steps and contact details, but it is also used to schedule meetings, assign tasks and attach files. Being able to attach files is great, it gives us easy access to NDAs and contracts when working in the map. Having all this information in mind maps makes it really easy to share and report to management. They can just open the mind map to see the current status of each ongoing project and also see what stage we are at with securing new partnerships. These mind maps are also used to host our weekly update meetings, the three of us involved in sales and business development open the mind map in Google Hangouts and easily run through everything from the previous week.” Management “Firstly, all important maps from the various departments are shared with us, says MindMeisters co-founder and managing director, Michael. This way, we can effortlessly keep an eye on developments and give our input whenever the need arises. We regularly take part in real-time brainstorming sessions with our employees, for this is how some of our best ideas are born. It’s also how MindMeister came into existence in the first place.  A few years ago, we were using Google’s Writely (which would eventually become Google Docs) to collaborate on projects, while using MindManager to brainstorm ideas and organize meetings. We realized how much more efficient we could be with a tool that combined Writely’s collaboration features with a mapping format such as MindManager’s, and decided to realize this tool ourselves. Even if nobody else would find it useful, we knew at least we would.   After brainstorming, collaborating and structuring your content, presenting it is the next logical step, which is why we later added presentation mode as the third crucial component of MindMeister. Since its release, we’ve been using the feature for all our presentations in and outside the office. We employ it at conferences, like we did at the last Biggerplate Unplugged in Utrecht, present our efforts to our investors and use it as a visual aid for all sorts of in-office meetings.” Private Usage Besides including MindMeister in our workflow at the office, almost all of us also use the tool for private purposes. We plan our trips and parties, summarize books and other interesting material and create shopping lists. One of our developers organized his move with MindMeister last year and Richard from our business development team is currently planning his wedding with the tool. We outline essays and short stories, make wish lists for christmas, collect our favorite recipes, and much more. Were sure that whoever uses our tool will like it not because we’re cocky, but because we truly do. Have a Glass of Our Champagne! Try MindMeister Drinking Our Own Champagne - Focus Originally known as Eating your own dog food, Drinking your own champagne is a slang term first used in 2007 by Pegasystems’ CIO, Jo Hoppe, which describes the practice of a company using its own products, either to test drive it before the release or to show confidence in it. Well, we at MindMeister have another reason to use our own product, and that is: We actually really like it. From development  to sales,  every department and every employee actively uses MindMeister. Together, we own about 300 active mind maps, which we use to collect ideas, improve our tool, work on projects or plan company getaways. Now, 300 might not sound like much, but again, those are just our active maps. Don’t get us started on the 9.8 K we’ve got archived … We figured some of you might be interested in taking a look behind the scenes, so we’ve put together a short customer success  story about one of MindMeister’s best customers: the MindMeister team. How MindMeister Uses MindMeister Development “Whenever we start working on a new version of MindMeister, the first thing we do is create a road map for it, explains Laura, one of MindMeisters senior developers. The entire development team as well as management are involved in the initial brainstorming sessions. We note what we want the new version to include and everyone can contribute their ideas. After sorting through everything and eliminating what we decide against, we structure our map and set priorities for features and bug fixes. Every bigger project basically gets its own mind map. For the release of MindMeister 9 for instance were using a pretty big map to guide us through the entire testing process. Every bug and its priority are duly noted there and whoever is assigned  a task subsequently notes their progress in fixing it. It’s important for us to continually use MindMeister in order to experience first-hand what our users are experiencing. It helps us to focus on what’s important and often leads us to problems before any of our users are being affected.” Marketing “Basically, all our marketing activities are outlined in a collection of about ten mind maps, which are shared with all members of the marketing department as well as our analytics and sales managers, and of course management. There is one index map, which provides an overview of the various sub maps which hold more detailed information. Those include plans for SEO and advertisements, PR, business development, content and community, among others. At the beginning of each year, we work together to update the maps and identify new goals and priorities for the following twelve months. Specific projects are defined, mapped out and again linked to their respective sub maps. Beside this big map structure, I also create individual mind maps to outline articles for the blog, decide on the contents of our newsletters, and structure press releases. Sometimes, those maps are extremely rough, more a collection of thoughts, topics and links than anything else. Other times I  just keep adding details, writing down keywords and whole phrases until I have a fully developed text. In that case I just export the whole map as a Word document and then take it form there.” Analytics “I create a new map for myself every year. I start with the most important thing, which are the goals I want to achieve. On the opposite side of my map, I create a topic for ‘Projects Experiments’, which is where I list the various projects I plan to realize in order to reach the stated goals. Projects are marked with colored flags and often feature deadlines, notes and links to my research. As soon as I’ve completed a project or implemented a new idea, I drag it to my ‘Accomplished’ topic. From there, I can easily retrieve it, create a presentation with it or export it to a Word document to turn it into a report.” Business Development Partner Management “When managing our various partners around the world there are many different aspects to what they need and when it’s needed, explains Richard, MindMeisters partner manager. It’s very important for me to stay on top of everything and to respond to requests as quickly as possible. For managing our partners I have one main mind map in which I have each partner listed on level 1 nodes. Under each partner I have contact details, notes, next steps and reminders for milestones. Another map we use a lot, which is similar to the Partner Management map, is called New Business Development, in this map we track each stage of the process of building relationships with new strategic partners. Everything from initial contact to assigning tasks is recorded in this map. Again we also have next steps and contact details, but it is also used to schedule meetings, assign tasks and attach files. Being able to attach files is great, it gives us easy access to NDAs and contracts when working in the map. Having all this information in mind maps makes it really easy to share and report to management. They can just open the mind map to see the current status of each ongoing project and also see what stage we are at with securing new partnerships. These mind maps are also used to host our weekly update meetings, the three of us involved in sales and business development open the mind map in Google Hangouts and easily run through everything from the previous week.” Management “Firstly, all important maps from the various departments are shared with us, says MindMeisters co-founder and managing director, Michael. This way, we can effortlessly keep an eye on developments and give our input whenever the need arises. We regularly take part in real-time brainstorming sessions with our employees, for this is how some of our best ideas are born. It’s also how MindMeister came into existence in the first place.  A few years ago, we were using Google’s Writely (which would eventually become Google Docs) to collaborate on projects, while using MindManager to brainstorm ideas and organize meetings. We realized how much more efficient we could be with a tool that combined Writely’s collaboration features with a mapping format such as MindManager’s, and decided to realize this tool ourselves. Even if nobody else would find it useful, we knew at least we would.   After brainstorming, collaborating and structuring your content, presenting it is the next logical step, which is why we later added presentation mode as the third crucial component of MindMeister. Since its release, we’ve been using the feature for all our presentations in and outside the office. We employ it at conferences, like we did at the last Biggerplate Unplugged in Utrecht, present our efforts to our investors and use it as a visual aid for all sorts of in-office meetings.” Private Usage Besides including MindMeister in our workflow at the office, almost all of us also use the tool for private purposes. We plan our trips and parties, summarize books and other interesting material and create shopping lists. One of our developers organized his move with MindMeister last year and Richard from our business development team is currently planning his wedding with the tool. We outline essays and short stories, make wish lists for christmas, collect our favorite recipes, and much more. Were sure that whoever uses our tool will like it not because we’re cocky, but because we truly do. Have a Glass of Our Champagne! Try MindMeister

Spanish American War The Spanish War - 720 Words

Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War was in 1898. It was an issue between the United States and Spain. The war began in the Cuban struggle for independence from Spain, which began in February 1895. Spain’s harsh measures to stop the rebellion were represented for the U.S. public by many newspapers, and American sympathy for the rebels rose. Spain announced an armistice on April 9 and speeded up its new program. Spain declared war on the United States on April 24, followed by a U.S. declaration of war on the 25th, which was made effective to April 21 (history.com). The war was practically one-sided, since Spain had neither its army or its navy for a war with the power of the United States. George Dewey led a U.S. naval squadron†¦show more content†¦The diifficult Spanish Caribbean fleet under Adm. Pascual Cervera was located in Santiago harbour in Cuba by U.S. reconnaissance (history.com). An army of regular troops and volunteers under Gen. William Shaft, and including Theodore Roosevelt and his 1st Volunteer Cavalry, the â€Å"Rough Riders†, landed on the coast east of Santiago and slowly advanced on the city in an effort to force Cervera’s fleet out of the harbour (history.com). Cervera led his squadron out of Santiago on July 3 and tried to escape westward along the coast. In the occuring battle all of his ships came under heavy fire from U.S. guns and were beached in a burning or sinking condition. Santiago surrendered to Shafter on July 17, effectively ending the war. The United States was simply unprepared for war. The United States was understaffed, underequipped, and undertrained. The US troops arrived with heavy woolen coats and pants (uhistory.org). The food budget paid for substandard provisions for the soldiers. Victory in the Spanish-American War transformed the United States, a former colony, to an imperial power. Many Americans saw this development as a natural part of the nation’s â€Å"Manifest Destiny†--the belief that expansion of the United States was both right and inevitable. Opposition to this new role also existed. In June 1898, the American Anti-Imperialist League was formed to ght annexation of theShow MoreRelatedSpanish American War1254 Words   |  5 PagesSpanish American War Essay Clara Barton: Her Opinion on the Spanish American War Clara Barton October 1st, 1901 Glen Elcho, Maryland Dear Teddy Roosevelt, I would like to congratulate and acknowledge you for you becoming President of the United States of America. You proved your worthiness and dedication when you made life-risking decisions on the battlefield for the Spanish American War. You volunteered as part of the cavalry and broughtRead MoreThe Spanish American War Essay894 Words   |  4 PagesThe Spanish American War, also known as â€Å"The Splendid Little War,† was a short-lived conflict between the United States and Spain in 1898. This war was a pretext for the Philippines War. During this time period Spain had control over several territories within the Caribbean because they were still a colonial power. Although Spain had control of the territories of Cuba and the Philippines, the inhabitants began to grow more and more rebellious as time passed. With the tension building betweenRead MoreThe Spanish American War in 18981256 Words   |  5 Pages The quote A Splendid little war by Secretary of State John Hay summarizes the Spanish American War in 1898. While this war could be seen as an act of aggression by the 20th century standards this war was beneficial to the United States of America while being deviating to the Kingdom of Spain for many reasons. There were many causes for the Spanish American War. The first long term cause was the Wilson Gordon Tariff. This tariff ultimately decreased tariff rates for may Europeans nations excludingRead MoreThe Spanish American War of 1898 Essay1316 Words   |  6 PagesThe Spanish American War of 1898 One hundred years ago, in 1898, the United States was fighting the Spanish-American War. The victory over Spain made the United States a colonial power. The Spanish colonies of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, as well as the formerly independent nation of Hawaii, became American possessions. The excuse for entering the war was the rebellion by the Cubans against Spanish rule and the explosion of an American battleship U.S.S. Maine. The Spanish coloniesRead MoreTaking a Look at the Spanish American War Essay945 Words   |  4 Pages During his presidency William McKinley said, â€Å"War should never be entered upon until every agency of peace has failed.† His message never fully reached the American people because in the late 19th century the people were longing for an opportunity to keep up with other empires and they took the first chance they approached. They saw war with Spain as a quick way to prove supremacy and saw plenty of benefits. The Spanish American war was inevitable for America because the people had a strong driveRead MoreEssay on The Cause And Effect Of The Spanish American War953 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican imperialism in 1898 was not a sudden abandonment of anti-colonial tradition but was a logical extension of commercial expansion, somethi ng the US had been doing throughout its history (SparkNotes: The Spanish American War, 1898-1901,: Effects of the Treaty). President McKinley was not interested in wars of conquest or of territorial aggression. His interest in expansion was to make the United States first in international commerce and as a means to implement its humanitarian and democraticRead MoreSpanish-American War2219 Words   |  9 PagesThe Spanish-American War was fought between the United States, and Spain. Sadly it’s not a popular subject in high schools these days, so most students don’t know anything about this war. The Spanish-American War marked a new beginning for the United States, Cuba and Spain. These countries where affected by the war because the Spanish American war would end the Spanish Empire, create a new one, and give a colony its independence. WHAT STARTED THE WAR The Spanish American war was about Cubin IndependenceRead MoreThe Spanish American War965 Words   |  4 PagesThe Spanish-American War was the event that placed the United States of America on the world stage. It showed the world the United States militaries might and strength and proved that the United States could back up their beloved Monroe Doctrine. It placed America as an Imperialistic Nation, which was one idea looked down upon by so many of its citizens. This war and its effect on the world had its pros and cons, but one thing is unarguably for certain, this event changed the way America has beenRead MoreThe American Of The Spanish American War1630 Words   |  7 PagesFrom the time of the Spanish American War to the current conflict in the Middle East, the United States went from relative isolation to increased global involvement because of their urge for humanitarianism, economic self-interest, and the search for Manifest Destiny. The consequences of this increased glob al involvement on American society were the increase of immigrants, increase in resources and â€Å"Yellow Press† media. The United States were the helping hand to Cuba during when America was movingRead MoreThe American Of The Spanish American War Essay1301 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1898 the Spanish American War or nicknamed â€Å"The Splendid Little War,† began and was short lived lasting roughly four months forever changing our country for the better and the worse. Although the war might have seemed focused on freeing Cuba from Spain and gaining independence for Cuba and the Philippines, it was actually stimulated by nationalism and commercialism. Commercialism was a major factor when declaring war because the United States depended on Cuba and the Philippines for trade and

Seven Things You Need to Know About the Ocean

Its a fact that you may have heard before, but it bears repeating: scientists have mapped more terrain on the surface of the Moon, Mars, and Venus than they have of Earths ocean floor. There is a reason for this, however, beyond apathy towards oceanography. It is actually more difficult to map the surface of the ocean floor, which requires measuring gravity anomalies and using sonar at close ranges, than the surface of a nearby moon or planet, which can be done by radar from a satellite. The entire ocean is mapped, its just at a much lower resolution (5km) than the Moon (7m), Mars (20m) or Venus (100m). Needless to say, Earths ocean is vastly unexplored. This makes it hard for scientists and, in turn, the average citizen to fully understand this powerful and important resource.  People need to understand their impact on the ocean and the oceans impact on them—citizens need ocean literacy.   In October 2005, a group of national organizations  published a list of the 7 major principles and 44 fundamental concepts of Ocean Science Literacy. The goal of Ocean Literacy is threefold: to understand the science of the ocean, to communicate about the ocean in a meaningful way and to make informed and responsible decisions about ocean policy. Here are those seven Essential Principles.   1. The Earth Has One Big Ocean With Many Features Earth has seven continents, but one ocean. The sea is not a simple thing: it hides mountain ranges with more volcanoes than all those on land, and it is stirred by a system of currents and complex tides. In plate tectonics, the oceanic plates of the lithosphere mix the cold crust with the hot mantle over millions of years. The oceans water is integral with the freshwater we use, connected to it through the worlds water cycle. Yet as large as it is, the ocean is finite and its resources have limits. 2. The Ocean and Life in the Ocean Shape the Features of Earth Over geologic time, the sea dominates the land. Most of the rocks exposed on land were laid down underwater when sea level was higher than today. Limestone and chert are biological products, created from the bodies of microscopic sea life. And the sea shapes the coast, not just in hurricanes but in the persistent work of erosion and deposition by waves and tides. 3. The Ocean Is a Major Influence on Weather and Climate Indeed, the ocean dominates the worlds climate, driving three global cycles: water, carbon and energy. Rain comes from evaporated seawater, transferring not just water but the solar energy that took it from the sea. Sea plants produce most of the worlds oxygen; seawater takes up half the carbon dioxide put into the air. And the currents of the sea carry warmth from the tropics toward the poles—as the currents shift, the climate shifts as well. 4. The Ocean Makes the Earth Habitable Life in the ocean gave the atmosphere all of its oxygen, starting in the Proterozoic Eon billions of years ago. Life itself arose in the ocean. Geochemically speaking, the ocean has allowed Earth to keep its precious supply of hydrogen locked up in the form of water, not lost to outer space as it otherwise would be. 5. The Ocean Supports a Great Diversity of Life and Ecosystems The living space in the ocean is vastly greater than the habitats of the land. Likewise, there are more major groups of living things in the sea than on land. Ocean life includes floaters, swimmers and burrowers, and some deep ecosystems depend on chemical energy without any input from the sun. Yet much of the ocean is a desert while estuaries and reefs—both delicate environments—support the worlds greatest abundances of life. And the coastlines boast a tremendous variety of life zones based on the tides, wave energies and water depths. 6. The Ocean and Humans Are Inextricably Interconnected The ocean presents us with both resources and hazards. From it we extract foods, medicines and minerals; commerce relies on sea routes. Most of the population lives near it, and it is a major recreational attraction. Conversely ocean storms, tsunamis and sea-level change all threaten coastal lives. But in turn, humans affect the ocean in how we exploit, modify, pollute and regulate our activities in it. These are matters that concern all governments and all citizens. 7. The Ocean Is Largely Unexplored Depending on resolution, only .05% to 15% of our ocean has been explored in detail. Since the ocean is approximately 70% of the entire Earths surface, this means that 62.65-69.965% of our Earth is unexplored. As our reliance on the ocean continues to grow, marine science will be even more important in maintaining the oceans health and value, not just in satisfying our curiosity. Exploring the ocean takes many different talents—biologists, chemists, technicians, programmers, physicists, engineers and geologists. It takes new kinds of instruments and programs. It also takes new ideas—maybe yours, or your childrens. Edited by Brooks Mitchell

Ihrm, Describe the Main Challenges of International Staffing Free Essays

IHRM Describe the mains challenges of international staffing. These years, international staffing has become a common setting for MNEs. Over the last decade, globalization and internationalization of marketplaces had brought companies to expatriate their resources on target countries and sectors. We will write a custom essay sample on Ihrm, Describe the Main Challenges of International Staffing or any similar topic only for you Order Now It naturally means that they will face lot of new challenges to succeed in their process. Expanding business operations beyond national boundaries while trying to stay effective on the domestic market requires complex and balanced strategies. The most critical determinants stay to keep an effective international esource management. So we will try to summarize the different challenges of international staffing. In a first part I will focus on the different international staffing issues to understand well the challenge dimension. In a second part I will highlight the different challenges raised by the central notion of expatriation. International staffing is the way that companies manage international resources, facing different limits like geographic distance or day- ­? to- ­? day relations with headquarters for example. The first challenge could be express through the possibilities for MNEs to choose a certain source f employees. First, the company can send employees and manager from its home country, more known as Parent Country Nationals (PCNs) or expatriates. Second, they can recruit directly Host Country National (HCNs) native from there. Third choice, they can hire Third Country National (TCNs) who is native from another country than the host or the home country. Companies use also different stages of internationalization and staffing strategies. We can observe that companies generally recruit the three types of employees and make them work together. We commonly call that a cross cultural management, illustrated y the idea to take good skills of each culture to bring them to global mind set with added value, in a aim to create efficiency. The success of cross cultural management seems to be a big challenge in international staffing in the way that it comes from the real difficulty to recruit top talents able to be efficient abroad, added to multiple legal issues. It seems also important to describe the four principal international staffing issues that seem to be a numerous challenge in the sense that it will condition your whole international management strategy. The MNEs can choose to use an ethnocentric staffing olicy that refers to the strategy of employ key positions managers from the parent headquarters instead of employing local staff. They will be use to transfer corporate culture to the foreign entity and insure an effective communication with headquarters. Limits are the adaptation of expatriates and relations with HCNs. Second option is the polycentric policy that describes an approach of recruiting HCNs to manage subsidiaries in their own country. So there are no language and cultural barriers and it’s far less expansive. But it results a less effective communication with headquarters and then difficulties o coordinate activities. In the geocentric issue the best people are sought for key jobs throughout the organization, regardless of nationality. It enables a multinational firm to develop a pool of senior int ernational managers but it is the most expansive option. To finish, in the regiocentric staffing policy, employees are transferred to positions in subsidiaries in other countries, but stay within the same region (Mayrhofer and Brewster â€Å"In Praise of Ethnocentricity†). It permit to install a regional competition to success but it can also lead to identification and put global objectives on a second cene. Today, most of the international companies choose to expatriate top managers in foreign subsidiaries to control them. But expatriation seems to be the biggest challenge that they have to deal with for the simple reason that it the first reason of failure. The principal value of expatriation is the quality of communication between PCNs and headquarters. PCNs don’t have any problem of language barrier with home country and actually know the home country top management. They understand their ideas, strategies and goals and by consequences can implement them faster. Th ey also play a rule of knowledge ransfer and actually maintain a knowledge base (laws, politics, cultures, languages†¦) about the complexities of international operations (Downes and Thomas: â€Å"Knowledge Transfer†). Close to this knowledge transfer they serve a mission of corporate culture transmission. So they will implement the company’s culture, its values, believes, mission and follow a certain management style. One big challenge of international staffing is also to overcome the lack of qualified host country nationals because knowledge in special areas is needed and not directly available in some host countries. Erten- ­? Buch and Mattl ave studied the issue in 1999 and they highlighted the idea of emphasis of expatriation as a means to overcome the lack of qualified host country nationals lies in compensating a long- ­? term lack of a skilled workforce. Expatriation has to deal with lot of difficulties that turn it out in a big challenge for internati onal staffing. It is a big point to insure the well understanding of local business environment. It is also a big challenge to anchor the company in the local country by developing contacts and adjustment to local places, a kind of local emphasis. International staffing needs to face big ultural shocks. Expatriate managers arrive in a complete unknown environment; it creates confusion, disorientation and a certain emotional upheaval. It is a big challenge to cross it fast and with success. Staffing abroad means also deal with costs issues. The most obvious problem for a company when sending an expat abroad to be considered is the extremely high costs involved. The challenge is to measure the interest between insure this cost or insure the less effectiveness you will get by reducing your cost and employ a HCN. Employing an expat in a developed country for a certain period of time can cost p to four times as much as recruiting local staff and eight times as much in developing regions such as Asia Pacific. Failure rates are also a big challenge and a very important issue. Manager’s inability to adept, family related matters, lack of motivation are examples of failures. The rate of those being recalled to the headquarters is between 20 and 50% (Brewster 1991’s report). The major challenge of multinational and often missed by International Human Resources Management is the repatriation (Harvey, 1989). The professional transition into the home office cause a lot of difficulties that are most f the time neglected. It seems to be an unmeasured stage of internationalization. In conclusion we could say that the biggest challenge is to choose an adapted strategy of internationalisation and find out the correspondent staffing issue. Expatriates seem to represent an extremely expansive but not always necessary investment. Telecommunications and travel have made the human resources function of matching up employers and employees much easier over the years. The hiring of top talents will it be enough to cover good headquarters relations and eliminate geographic distance challenges in the future? 2 How to cite Ihrm, Describe the Main Challenges of International Staffing, Essay examples

Workplace Health and Safety Movement System †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Workplace Health and Safety Movement System. Answer: Workplace Health and Safety Movement System is a wide approach to maintain health security and reduce the risk of illness at the workplace (Loeppke et al. 2015) The main purpose or objective of WHS is to provide a steady and balanced environment to secure the health and safety of the workers and workplaces. A new employee of large manufacturing and assembling operations of was exposed to hazardous oil leakage and sawdust. In this large manufacturing and assembling operations safety precautions must be taken. This will lead to higher productivity as well. Measurable systems should be developed to verify work health and safety performance. Business opportunities can increase if work health and safety movements are improved at the workplace. The Plant Manager must give reasonable protection to all his employees. It is his duty to give instructions to new workers about the assigned job. To improve health and safety system at workplace, work methods and morale of the workers should be eth ical and upgraded. Improving the work environment will reduce the level of illness and injury among the workers. Clear and relevant training and information should be provided to the workers so that they can work safely with the instruments (Dwyer and Hopwood 2013). In an organization, risk control measures or strategies needs to be developed from time to time. Instruments and machineries used in a workplace should be updated, improved and maintained to ensure health and safety measure of the workers while working. Therefore, such developments and improvements will help manufacturing and assembling operations to achieve organizational WHS objectives. References: Dwyer, J. and Hopwood, N., 2013.Management strategies and skills(Vol. 10, p. 240). in Australia by McGraw-Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd Level 2, 82 Waterloo Road, North Ryde NSW 2113. Loeppke, R.R., Hohn, T., Baase, C., Bunn, W.B., Burton, W.N., Eisenberg, B.S., Ennis, T., Fabius, R., Hawkins, R.J., Hudson, T.W. and Hymel, P.A., 2015. Integrating health and safety in the workplace: how closely aligning health and safety strategies can yield measurable benefits.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine,57(5), pp.585-597.

Terorrism And Security Measures Essays - National Security

Terorrism And Security Measures The government can implement many new methods to increase security, or better yet give off the image of better security which is what they have predominantly done, yet ultimately there will always be a way to bypass or come up with a new way to infiltrate that measure. The government so far has done a variety of things ranging from the closing of the Dulles airport (permanently), working with the FAA on new security measures, having pilots carry handguns, and a not so specific, profiling. Well the first and easiest of the new security measures is the permanent closing of the airport, which is very near the heart of our nation's political machine. Seeing how airplanes were used as weapons of mass-destruction officials were left with no choice but to shut down the airport. Even though other airports, which were closed, are now reopened, Dulles vicinity to the incident and to other major government facilities will keep this airport permanently closed. The government rational in this situation actually makes sense because they would not want to have any other incidents and the proximity of the airport is a major key. There has been a measure brought to congress by the largest pilot union, boasting over 66000 members to carry handguns in the cockpit and be trained by law enforcement officials. Strict psychological testing would be done on all the pilots and the FBI would train all of them. Before these incidents, this proposal would have not been considered, yet in light of this situation there could be possible implementation of this program. The government as well as private conglomerates agrees that this plan could work, because the cockpit has to be defended at all costs, hence, now pilots are being trained to use a crash-ax, equipped on every plane, as a possible killing weapon. The government believes that this will work because if the cockpit is infiltrated, the pilots will have a form of defense that could overpower the terrorist and save the plane and the world from such atrocities witnessed September 11. The FAA has considered many new measures to increase the safety of flight and to make sure that the aviation system is not compromised by acts of terrorism. Federal marshals are being hired at exponential rates so more will be on flights to insure security. There is consideration of making a secure cockpit door that cannot be broken down if locked; yet, this is a waste of time and money in my opinion, because the terrorist can still threaten the life of the passengers. Security checkpoints at airports will be monitored by FBI agents, not by hired people to monitor eye movements and other such behaviors in hopes of catching the not typical but otherwise looks like a normal passenger passenger. Carry on luggage will be effected severely as now, they will scrutinized with a fine tooth comb and no longer will they be so liberal on what can come on and what can not. The federal government will install the latest technology in bomb-sniffing, x-ray, and whatever other devices are available, to detect any explosive or incendiary devices checked on an airplane. With all these new regulations plus a list of similar ones, there will be several unpleasant side effects for the citizens of this country. Passengers should expect to arrive 2.5-3 hours in advanced to make sure you will make your flight. There will be a new security tax on all tickets which will up travel prices. In addition, more electronic gadgets, which are very often used by the business traveler of today and tomorrow, will be banned and strictly checked. However, the upside is that it should make citizens feel safer about traveling. The fourth way of tightening security is more on a psychological scale. Last week in Minneapolis, Northwest Airlines officials hauled three Arab-Americans off a flight to Salt Lake City when other passengers refused to fly with them; the men were grilled and allowed to board a later flight. In Trenton, N.J., a nervous driver called authorities when two suspicious men speaking little English got on his bus; the police held the men at gunpoint before releasing them. Such profiling, which critics say

Free Essays on Poverty And Unemployment

â€Å"Poverty is produced by circumstances, not individuals.† (Fincher and Wulff, 1998) The expansion of international poverty and unemployment in the world over the last few decades has been associated with the onset of rapid growth of the capitalist market. Economic crisis or boom assists in the growth of the so-called ‘poverty sector’(James, 2002), leading to unemployment and social unrest. When comparing the poverty and unemployment within countries such as Australia and Indonesia, several distinctions can be made of the various extent of these problems. For one, Australia is classified as a ‘First World’ country, whilst Indonesia experiences the poverty of the ‘South’ or the ‘Third World’. Consequently, this produces various measurements of poverty in each of these countries and also indicates the definition of poverty in Australia and Indonesia. Other differences between the situations of poverty with these neighbours are that there are various classes, education levels and different primary industries. In w ake of Suharto’s regime and the economic crisis in Indonesia, the country also faces challenges protecting workers and dealing with international debt, problems that Australia seems to have conquered. Following the economic crisis, Indonesia experienced many social impacts, however, these have been â€Å"neither been uniform nor homogenous across the archipelago† (Maxwell, 1999). The common measurement of poverty is from the Central Bureau of Statistics, that poverty has almost doubled from its pre-crisis level of 11 per cent to around 20 per cent (Maxwell, 1999). Despite this, some sources indicate that approximately 100 million Indonesians would sink below the poverty line, which includes almost 50 per cent of the population (Pettifor, 2002). Within Australia poverty is seen at 13 per cent, with an estimated total of 2.4 million Australian’s now living in poverty (ACOSS, 2001). Even though... Free Essays on Poverty And Unemployment Free Essays on Poverty And Unemployment â€Å"Poverty is produced by circumstances, not individuals.† (Fincher and Wulff, 1998) The expansion of international poverty and unemployment in the world over the last few decades has been associated with the onset of rapid growth of the capitalist market. Economic crisis or boom assists in the growth of the so-called ‘poverty sector’(James, 2002), leading to unemployment and social unrest. When comparing the poverty and unemployment within countries such as Australia and Indonesia, several distinctions can be made of the various extent of these problems. For one, Australia is classified as a ‘First World’ country, whilst Indonesia experiences the poverty of the ‘South’ or the ‘Third World’. Consequently, this produces various measurements of poverty in each of these countries and also indicates the definition of poverty in Australia and Indonesia. Other differences between the situations of poverty with these neighbours are that there are various classes, education levels and different primary industries. In w ake of Suharto’s regime and the economic crisis in Indonesia, the country also faces challenges protecting workers and dealing with international debt, problems that Australia seems to have conquered. Following the economic crisis, Indonesia experienced many social impacts, however, these have been â€Å"neither been uniform nor homogenous across the archipelago† (Maxwell, 1999). The common measurement of poverty is from the Central Bureau of Statistics, that poverty has almost doubled from its pre-crisis level of 11 per cent to around 20 per cent (Maxwell, 1999). Despite this, some sources indicate that approximately 100 million Indonesians would sink below the poverty line, which includes almost 50 per cent of the population (Pettifor, 2002). Within Australia poverty is seen at 13 per cent, with an estimated total of 2.4 million Australian’s now living in poverty (ACOSS, 2001). Even though...

Philosophy Assignment 5 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Philosophy 5 - Assignment Example t his work, the inadequacy that he points out is on the previous works on the fields of neuroscience, which bases their hypotheses on the mind using the way that the brain functions. Noe stipulates that consciousness does not happen in the brain as the modern Neuroscience stipulates but the interaction of the body with the general world (Noe, 2). The book by Noe is built based skeptism and criticism. The book then tends to disapprove the neuroscience conventional view by establishing another point of view that he suggests to be the accurate one. Noe postulates that the human body does not absorb data from the eyes and the ears in the likeness of the camera or a microphone. He further points out that the brain is just part of the network of which perception is undertaken. From the work’s premises, one would establish that the theories are based on the skeptism and criticism of the works that has been put forth in the past by other neurologists. This can be established from the fact that the work by Alpha Noe does not offer the reader any definite explanation of what a conscious mind is. Alpha Noe ascertains that the idealism that consciousness is an aspect that is dictated by the mind. On the same issue, he further stipulates that as much as this is true, the brain is just part of the system and that consciousness is a very vast system not only limited to the brain. The evidence he relies on is that no one can ascertain the fact that speech is an aspect that takes place in the mouth. This is so since the living things are all connected to the environment. Then, this can only go to show that consciousness does happen in not only the brain but also the environment that one interacts with (Noe, 12). The argument that Noe illustrates in chapter 3 might have some truth in it since there is not a single theory that can disapprove the fact that the brain is vast in terms of its purposes. The fact that people tend to be different in many ways only reflects the idea

What Effects Does Age Have On Graduation Rates From Online Based Research Paper

What Effects Does Age Have On Graduation Rates From Online Based College - Research Paper Example Among these has been the introduction of online college programs that is meant to attract those students who would otherwise not have the time to attend classes on a regular basis. The education system of the United States has become so much eroded that it has now become necessary for students to go to college in order to attain the types of jobs that they would like. In earlier years, especially within the first half of the twentieth century, students who went through high school were equipped enough to attain jobs without having to go to college. However, the education standards came to be raised so much that it has now become necessary for students to spend more time in college in order to ensure that they achieve their academic goals. This has created a situation where individuals are barely able to cope with college education especially when it is considered that the students involved have more priorities other than their academics. It is a fact that many of the college students in the country also have to work in order to earn a living while others even have families and this only works towards increasing the pressure on them to be more productive. The latter situation makes it harder and harder for individual students to continue with their education and this has continued to be even worse as they grow older. This is because the older the students are, the more likely that they will develop other commitments in their lives and this may have an influence on the high dropout rates among them. This is perhaps the reason why the college education system needs to be reformed to such an extent that it stops being class based and instead be based on the internet since the latter is a much easier tool to access for many individuals. This will encourage...A review has also been included in this research which supports the above observations. This study is is substantial to meet the requirements of adult students who are less confortable with traditional college b ased education. The American system of education is considered to be the provider of one of the best quality education when compared to other education systems in the world. However, despite this fact, most of those high school graduates who enter college for the purpose of acquiring higher education unfortunately do not make it to graduation and end up becoming college drop-outs. This happens because of the shifting attitudes of the students regarding the courses which are included in their curriculums and their failure to understand the course outline.Study suggests that only 33% of the freshmen who made their entrance in the University of Massachusetts, were able to complete their education within the period of 6 years. Moreover, less than 44% of students from University of Mexico and 41% graduate from the University of Montana made it to their graduation in the required timeframe . One of the most influencial economists in the current era, Mark Schneider considers the high college dropout rate to be one of the reasons causing slow economic development in the country.

Materials For Cladding System

Materials For Cladding System The materials for cladding are often chosen for their manufacturing parameters, cost, durability as well as appearance. Examples of the materials are metal cladding and precast concrete cladding. Both of these differ in terms of strength, durability and cost of each material. Metal Cladding The durability of a metal cladding is affected by type of material, exposure of the panel, local environment factors, corrosion protection as well as the details of the cladding itself. When using metal cladding, the lifespan of this system is generally defined in terms of its period from the first use to the first maintenance which is the period for when then material may need to be repainted to maintain its original appearance or the original coating system can no longer protects the metal underneath. Usually, metal cladding suppliers will provide detailed information regarding their product including the durability of the metal cladding itself. The coatings of cladding are also affected by the intensity of the exposure to ultraviolet radiation which means less longevity but for organic coated steels, the period to the first maintenance can be as long as 30 years. The durability of a metal cladding can also be affected by the workmanship related defects during the installation proc ess such as scratching the coating. Since metal cladding began to be used in a range wider than simply industrial buildings, then architectural features for aesthetical value such as curved eaves and corners as well as horizontal profiles have been developed. Texture and colours are mixed to form a more interesting cladding rather than a plain metal cladding but the incorporation of architectural features requires huge care over specifications as well as installations. The most used cladding system for architectural purposes are profiled cladding and composite panels which were often laid horizontally and fixed to vertical sub-frames of the building itself. A curved profile panels are produces from flat profiled sheets, either by creating a series of cross ribs that were then adjusted onto the metal locally. The other method in producing curved profile panels involves stretching the profile to provide a smooth curve without cross ribs like the earlier method but this method is more restricted in the range of curves and radii available to be used. For this curved profiled panels, a more careful setting out is needed compared than the flat profiles but it has the advantage in being stiffer than the flat ones. From this, it is obvious that a curved profiled panels and composite profiled panels are more durable yet stronger compared to flat profiled panels. Besides, this can be used as an advantage for architectural purposes which the world often look for nowadays. Precast Concrete Cladding Precast concrete has now become the architectural cladding material of choice because it has the advantage in terms of aesthetics, durability, low maintenance surface, applied finishes, as well as construction economy. This system often combines the benefits of low maintenance, high durability, excellent fire resistant and even energy efficiency. This combination makes precast concrete cladding an ideal solution for the emphasis of prestige, luxury and aesthetic appeal, especially for high rise offices and residential towers or for economy and durability priority such as in lower rise offices and commercial structures. Brick, marble, tile and granite are of typical finishes used for precast concrete cladding but any other decorative stone can also be applied for more variations. This type of cladding system is one of the most cost effective because it is naturally coloured. The main advantage of precast concrete cladding are in terms of installation, where the installation for this cladding system is swift and rapid; the sized of the panels which are typically sized so that they can span grid to grid, allowing a large area of the applied building to be weathered as quickly as possible. Besides, there are no scaffolding required in the installation of this precast concrete system as all fixings are accessed from the rear end of the panels. Sometimes, for construction that needed to use glazing units and insulation, they can easily be fitted to the precast unit in the factory that made the precast unit itself, thus decreasing the time needed for the work. But, in order to make precast concrete cladding system more cost effective, it is important that panel sizes to be maximized and a degree of repetition exists which these will ensure a number of panels can be casted from a single mould. Two types of sub surface drainage system for domestic usage In building a good drainage system, there are few principles that need to be followed. Some of them are: Material should have adequate strength and durability. Every part of a drain should be accessible for the purpose of inspection and cleansing. Drains should be in straight run as far as possible. Drains must be laid to a gradient which will render them efficient. The fall or gradient should be calculated according to the rate of flow, velocity required, and the diameter of the drain. Every drain inlet should be trapped to prevent the entry of foul air into the building which the minimum seal required is 50mm. For domestic usage, there are three types of subsurface drainage system which are combined system, separate system and partially separate system. The scheme or plan layout of drains will depend upon factors such as number of discharge points, relative position of discharge point, and drainage system of the Local Authority sewers. Combined System In a combined system, all the drains are discharged into a common or combined sewer. It is the most simple and economic method since there is no duplication of drains. This system has the advantage in terms of easy maintenance. Besides, all drains are flushed when it rains and it is impossible for this system to be connected to the wrong sewer. But this system also has its disadvantage, which is that all the discharges should pass through the sewage treatment installation, which might be costly and prove to be difficult with periods of heavy rain. Separate system A separate system in domestic subsoil drainage is the most common method applied by the Local Authorities where two sewers are used in this method. One of the sewers receives the surface water discharged and conveys them direct to a suitable outfall such as a river or sea, where the discharges require no treatment while the second sewer receives all the soil or foul discharges such as from baths, basins, sinks, showers as well as toilets. These discharges will then being conveyed to the sewage treatment installations. In this system, more drains are required and it is often necessary to cross drains one over another. There is a risk of connecting the drain to a wrong sewer and the soil drains are not flushed during heavy rain, but the savings on the treatment of a smaller volume of discharge leads to an overall economy which is acceptable to be applied in domestic area. The function of road and pavement A road is an identifiable route, way or path between two places which might or might not be available for the use by public. Public roads, especially those major roads that connect two destinations are defined as highways. A modern road normally smoothed and paved to allow easy travel of road users. While pavement is defined as surfaces intended for traffic and soil, which are protected by an overlay of imported or treated material with the objective to limit the stress in the ground. The surface of road as well as its associated construction is known as pavement. One of the main functions of roads and pavements is to transfer and distribute transportation load onto the ground. Even on the ground soil itself we can use to travel, but the loads of the transportations that use the path is not evenly distributed since the soil is not compacted and supported. With roads and pavements, the loads of the transportations were equally distributed and this provides a safe and comfy journey. The second function of road and pavement is to provide a flat surface. This is to achieve a comfortable, smooth and safe journey. A smooth riding surface is important for riding comfort and throughout the road development; this has become the measure of how road users see of a road. A rough surfaced road can be caused from few factors; one of it is caused from pavement distress due to structural deformation. Besides, the other major factor of road and pavement is to prevent the subgrade from being damaged. Subgrade is the supporting soil underneath the pavement. It is important to protect the subgrade as it is the foundation for the road and pavement. Like building, if the foundation is damaged, the whole pavement is damaged as well. If the subgrade is over-stressed, it will deform and lose its ability to properly support the loads above it. So, the pavement should have sufficient structural capacity in terms of strength and thickness, to adequately reduce the stress so that the loads and stress do not exceed the strength and capacity of the subgrade. The thickness and strength can vary depending on the combination of subgrade types as well as loading condition. Roads and pavements are also used to provide adequate surface friction or in other words, roads and pavements are to provide a skid resistance surface. The priority in road user requirement is that of safety. Every road user concerns about their safety when using roads. Safety, especially in wet conditions such as during heavy rains, can be linked to a loss of surface friction between the tyre and the pavement surface due to the existence of water surface on the road itself. So it is obvious that roads and pavements should be able to provide an adequate skid resistance for road users, in any weather conditions. The last function of roads and pavements is to provide a waterproof layer. The outer surface of a pavement acts as a waterproof surface which prevents the subgrade that supports the pavement from becoming saturated because of water absorption. When they become saturated, the soil loses its ability to support the applied loads, let alone overload, and this will lead to a premature failure of the pavement itself. So, the outer layer should not contain even a tiny pore, in order to prevent water from being absorbed underneath. Cellular concrete roofing units, pavement overlays, bridge decks airport runways, pressure vessels, blast-resistant structures, tunnel linings and ship-hull construction are some applications of a particular fiber reinforcement concrete. The types of the fibers with characteristics comparison with the conventional concrete. Fiber reinforced concrete can be defined as a composite material which consists of a mixture of cement, mortar or concrete and discontinuous and uniformly dispersed suitable fibers. The addition of this fiber would act as crack arrester as well as improving its static and dynamic properties. Fiber reinforced concrete is used as it has the advantages of static and dynamic tensile strength, energy absorbing characteristics and an improvised fatigue strength. The main factor that affects its properties is the relative fiber matrix stiffness where the modulus of elasticity of matrix helped in stress transfer efficiently. A good bond is important to improve the tensile strength of the material. There are many applications with different types of fibers and these were affected by the characteristics of the certain fiber containing in the concrete: Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFPC) Glass fiber reinforced concretes are mainly used in exterior building panels or as an architectural precast concrete. One of the advantages of GFPC is that they are lightweight. Despite their light weight, a GFPC panel is strong and is more environmental friendly as they were mostly made of recycled post-consumer glass. Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) Steel fiber reinforced concrete is a composite material made of hydraulic cements, water, fine and coarse aggregate and a dispersion of small, discontinuous steel fibers. The steel fibers are distributed uniformly throughout the concrete matrix which gives the SFRC the ability to control temperature and shrinkage cracks. They were commonly used in cellular concrete roofing unit. Polypropylene Fiber reinforced Concrete (PFRC) Polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete has the ability to improve freeze-thaw resistance, improve resistance to explosive in case of severe fire, and improves impact resistance. It is often used in foundation piles, pre-stressed piles and facing panels. Asbestos Fiber Reinforced Concrete (AFRC) Asbestos fiber reinforced concrete has been used since early 1900s which were applied into concrete. Unfortunately, this composite became a concern as it is venomous to health but AFRC were still used in some applications which is outside of health zone such as in pipes and sewer pipes. Mica Flakes Fiber Reinforced Concrete (MFRC) This type of fiber reinforced concrete partially replaces asbestos applications in cement boards, concrete pipes and repair materials. Mica flakes as fibers can help preventing long-term decreases in terms of tensile strength as well as impact strength. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Concrete (CFRC) Carbon fiber reinforced concrete is an electric conductor concrete and by this, they are normally used in locations where electrical contacts are necessary. Besides, it has the characteristic of corrosion resistance, compared to other metallic electrical contact materials. Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) Conventional Reinforced Concrete Higher durability Lower durability Protect steel from corrosion Steel prone to corrosion Lighter (in terms of materials) Heavier (in terms of materials) More expensive Economical Greater strength (per 1mÂÂ ³) Weaker (per 1mÂÂ ³) Higher workability Less workability Table: Characteristic comparison between FRC and conventional concrete The above table shows the characteristic comparisons between fiber reinforced concrete and conventional concrete. in terms of durability, FRC is more durable compared to conventional concrete this is because of the presence of fibers in FRC that adds to the durability of the concrete and thus, making it more flexible to be used widely in construction. Besides, the weight of FRC is relatively lighter compared to conventional concrete. Such as for Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete, both the glass and concrete make up the volume and thus decreasing the weight as the fiber contained in the concrete has lower mass compared to a full conventional concrete. This superb characteristic increases the workability of the FRC, beating conventional concrete in terms of weight as well as workability. The workability of a FRC will reduce if the fiber volume is increased. Therefore, the volume of fiber need to be controlled but this is an advantage as the cost for materials will not be that high. the workability of FRC can be measured by conducting a Vebe test. Unfortunately, a fiber reinforced concrete is more expensive as it is needed to be readily made in factories, so does the material costs which need to make up for the materials for fiber. But, from the table, it is obvious that FRC has more advantage over conventional concrete, despite the costs. So, this higher cost for sure will increase the reliability of the material, and the building itself.

Implementing a Business Continuity Essay

In this lab, you implemented a portion of your organization’s BCP. On the basis of the BIA, the organization determined that the internal Active Directory database and the corporate Web site must be recoverable in the event of system failure or natural disaster. To accomplish this, you configured local backups of Active Directory on the existing virtual server using Windows Server Backup. You also configured the organization’s Web servers to host content from a single NFS share, and to back up that NFS share daily using Windows. Lab Assessment Questions & Answers 1. What is the purpose of the business impact analysis (BIA)? 2. What is the difference between a disaster recovery plan (DRP) and a business continuity plan (BCP)? 3. What are the commands used in Windows 2012 to mount the NFS share on the Linux server. 4. Is creating redundancy for systems such as Active Directory or Web servers a part of the DRP or the BCP? 5. Why use the mklink command? 2 | Lab #6: Implementing a Business Continuity Plan 6. What role/service is Windows 2012 Server Backup part of? a. Windows Group Policy b. Windows Collaboration Server c. Windows Server Essentials Experience 7. Which Linux file makes a local share available to NFS clients? a. transports b. imports c. fstab d. exports

Child Marriage in Bangladesh Essay

Juvenile marriage has long been an issue in many developing countries where poverty, lack of education and strong cultural traditions and religious beliefs exist. It is most prevalent in – however not restricted to South Asia, especially Bangladesh where studies have shown that the practice of juvenile marriage is most common and severe. Although the legal age of marriage for women in Bangladesh is 18, some girls are married off as young as seven years old mainly as a result of poverty which consumes 55% of the population and also because Bangladesh is a patriarchal society where there overall attitude towards women is â€Å"galay atkano kata† which is translated to â€Å"the spine of a fish stuck in the throat†. In the rural areas of Bangladesh, certain cultural traditions must be preserved as they have been present for centuries and also contribute to juvenile marriage as dowry, which mainly exists in patrilineal societies, determines how much the bride’s parents must pay to the in-laws which varies upon the age of the girl. On the surface, it would seems as though Bangladeshis accept this atrocity and feel quite passive towards it as they are aware that juvenile marriage is being practiced but do not take action against it. Is it because human rights are not universal? Could it be possible that something such as juvenile marriage is overlooked because the vast majority of the population of Bangladesh is not educated and ignorant to such and through intervention, they could benefit from the first world’s input in regards to their sociocultural â€Å"issues†? It is evident that juvenile marriage is very common and equally problematic in South Asia and seems to be an issue which is most present in developing countries for varies reasons which are customized to that particular culture and region. The marriage of a child is illegal in all of the countries in which it takes place and even in spite of actions such as reinforcement of laws opposing to such, juvenile marriage continues, especially in rural, densely populated areas. This is because these societies are anchored by their cultural traditions and beliefs which have been their way of life for centuries, passed down from generation to generation. Bangladesh in particular operates as a patriarchal society and the women, both rural and rban, traditional and modern, are considered the most oppressed in the world because they live in a social system that condones their being granted an inferior status. â€Å"After birth, girls are viewed as a burden to the parental house hold, whereas boys are regarded as an asset. † (White, 1992). The minute they are brought into the world, girls are resented and considered â€Å"not valuable† as they cannot provide for their natural families financially and they will not carr y out the family name, which is very important in Bangladeshi culture. Girls are taught as early as childhood that women should always be under men’s control because the common attitude towards women is that they are weak and vulnerable and they are treated as such. In Bangladeshi society, women are unable to support and protect themselves and male guardianship is necessary to prevent possible rape and this is very important because society places the utmost importance on female sexual purity and this cannot be guaranteed if a woman is without a male guardian as 97% of all rape incidents go unreported and women are subject to brutality and even murder if they do not terminate the pregnancy before it is too late. However, abortions illegal and expensive in Bangladesh and even if a woman can afford to proceed with the termination, they are often malpracticed and result in severe infection, illness and death. Therefore, protection and security is provided (and guaranteed) through marriage and it is also a local belief that younger girls are more obedient and will become devoted to her in-laws’ family more so than her natal family which is logical considering at a young age, the girl would move to her in-law’s and essentially become more attached to her husband’s parents rather than her own. Girls are also forced to terminate any existing education (if there is any at all) when they get married and are expected to take on house hold responsibilities and cater to her in-laws right away and produce children which often results in failed pregnancies or death as they are too young and malnourished. A UNICEF report says: In many parts of South Asia, due to the poor quality of emergency obstetric care and high levels of malnutrition among young women, particularly anemia and stunting, early marriage presents considerably increased risks to life itself. Teenage mothers have a 2-5 times greater risk of maternal death than women aged 20-25 years (UNICEF, 2001: 7) It would seem that a simple and logical solution to this problem would be to continue the girls’ education as it would alleviate some of the social pressure in regards to house hold responsibilities and child-rearing and it would also provide them with life skills and knowledge which could possibly generate a new attitude towards women without disrupting the deeply rooted nature of Bangladeshi cultural traditions. Opportunities for young mothers to continue their education or to work are often limited because they have little access to resources and are responsible for child-rearing and house hold tasks. The women married at early age are more likely than those who are married off as adults to have early, frequent and unplanned pregnancies, typically from lack of contraceptive use. The children of teenage mothers experience serious health consequences as well. A child born to a teenage mother is twice more likely to die before his/her first birth day than the child of a woman in her twenties. If they survive these infants tend to have higher rates of low birth weight, premature birth and infant mortality than those born to older mothers. † (Kamal, 2011: 218). It is evident that there are very harsh social, psychological and health consequences for both women and their children which occur when a girl is married too young, juvenile marriage is not only recognized as a human rights violation, but it is also a barrier to individual and social development. As mentioned above, girls are forced to terminate their education and in most cases they have not even reached secondary level education which shows in the literacy rate among men and women which is not surprising – 38. 1% rate for women, versus the 55. 6% rate for men. Considering Bangladesh’s dense population, this is quite a significant amount of women who have received education. A study by Farah Chowdhury of the Rajshahi Univeristy in Bangladesh shows the education level of men and women in the village of Chamrabo which is in the Narshingdi District (located 30 miles from Dhaka, the capital city). Her studies indicate that: Out of a population of 261, 130 men and 131 women not including children under six years of age, fifteen of the men and 25 of the women were illiterate. Most of the villagers, both make and female, have had at least minimal schooling. Sixty-two men and 70 women completed primary education (Grades 1-5); and 24 men and 18 women secondary education (Grades 6-10). Five men had a secondary School Certificate (SSC), four a Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) and one a college degree. Only one woman had an SSC and none a HSC or college degree (Chowdhury, 2004: 247). Poverty is ften a determining factor regarding education and it can be linked to the age at which a girl is married; if a family is poverty stricken, they will marry off their daughter(s) as early as possible to decrease the size of the dowry. In some cases this age could be as young as seven or younger, according to Chowdhury, the belief in some Bangladeshi villages is that seven is a suitable age for girls to marry and that girls of nine are already old and may be subject to abuse or harassment due to shame they might inflict on themselves and their families as a result of not being desirable for marriage. Naturally parents prefer to marry off their daughters before the girls are regarded as old. † â€Å"†¦ Furthermore, young girls are thought to have greater sexual and procreative power than older girls, and to be less risk of miscarriage. † (Chowdhury, 2004: 247). Although the rate of poverty in Bangladesh has decreased over the recent years, 55% of the population lives below the poverty line and among those, 27% live in extreme poverty. Most of those affected by poverty live in rural and semi urban areas where they cannot afford to send their children to school. However, the problem goes both ways as the Bangladeshi education system also faces challenges such as funding, inflexibility, insufficient ratio of skilled teachers to schools and lack of resources. In recent years, NGO’s like ‘Because I am a Girl’ and ‘Human Rights and Education Program for Women (HERP)’ recognized the deficit of education facilities and have stepped in to rehabilitate the education sector of Bangladesh to create an accessible and affordable system which does not discriminate against women but in fact encourages the enrollment female students by employing female teachers. NGO schools are well resourced, with a network that extends to the remotest part of the country. There schools facilitate the integration of students from economically and socially vulnerable communities, operate at times that are suitable for students (many of whom work during the day or at specific times of the year), offer small class size (with teacher-student r atios of one to thirty), and ensure and interactive learning environment. † (Arndt, Hastings, †¦ & Woods, 2005). Since patriarchal societies such as Bangladesh are very concerned about a women’s personality as they see it as a challenge and do almost anything to contain it, it seems quite logical that girls are pulled out of school early due to marriage as it disables them from knowing anything else outside of their inferiority. It also helps to diffuse the rate at which self-discovery happens by marrying the girls off at a young age which decreases their future opportunities of education and furthermore, they become more submissive to their husbands and simply accept the life they are forced to live as they do not know any other way. Their great, great grandmothers did the same and it is a tradition that has been passed down by many generations. However, with this system in place there is some hope. The educational sector’s main goal and aspiration is to break the cycle of dependent women and rid them of their inferior status. Through education, women can learn how to be self-reliant and resourceful, they will be taught personal development and will understand their bodies as well as become aware of their rights as women. This is interesting because these opportunities could spark a new generation of women who will not tolerate their subjective social roles which could lead to protests and other actions against gender exploitation and oppression. It is not something that would happen overnight of course, possibly over a few decades women would start to realize their worth and become bold enough to speak out and protest but even still, education alone cannot change the rich, traditional cultural soil in which the beliefs of society is so firmly planted. Knowledge will empower the women of Bangladesh but it will not change their sociocultural position and it does not change the existing issue of poverty. Even if the education is provided and accessible, the issue of poverty is still present and as long as poverty exists, poor parents will be inclined to marry their daughters as early as possible to decrease the amount of the dowry owed to the groom’s family. As discussed above, traditional cultural values and beliefs outweigh all other potential blames to child marriage even though poverty seems to be the main cause, it is simply a scratch at the surface to the bigger picture. It would seem as though Bangladeshis practicing juvenile marriage are doing so because they feel it is a divine command and in not doing so they are exempt from society and victims of harassment, dishonor and shame. However, if we examine the situation carefully, we will see that the locals are not marrying their daughters off as young as possible simply to decrease the dowry, it is mostly because of their traditional beliefs about fertility in relation to age. Therefore, juvenile marriage cannot be directly linked to poverty because the strong influence of local beliefs is almost certainly the main cause as ethnic communities are inclined to trust their beliefs as well as respect and preserve their traditions. The locals of rural Bangladesh have relied on the same superstitions, methods and practices for centuries, it is deeply embedded in their culture and essentially it is the glue that holds them all together. Bangladeshi officials are aware that juvenile marriage is taking place in the rural areas and they recognize this as a punitive crime but they do not risk interfering or tampering with such rituals as it could lead to an even bigger problem such as the collapse of a society. It is a local belief that if a woman’s marriage is prevented or interrupted, the woman has been a victim of sorcery and she must be exiled from the community. In most cases these women are children and they are taken outside of the village to remote areas, blindfolded and left there with no food or means of survival which results in death. The girl’s family is said to be subject to harassment, and if they have other children, they will be considered socially condemned and will not be desirable by other in the village to marry. It is also believed that the parents will inherit the age of the girl in years of bad luck, example: if the child was five years old, the parents will inherit five years of bad luck. So, Bangladesh will continue to suffer as a result of such an intricately woven culture, everything is connected and affected by their belief system which makes for a fragile society. In conclusion, juvenile marriage is a violation of human rights and has physical, intellectual, psychological and emotional implications for the young brides. It deprives girls of their childhood and adolescence where crucial development occurs and this is important for the promotion of good mental and sexual health. From an outsider’s point of view, the issue of juvenile marriage seems easy enough to â€Å"fix† with a simple prescription of proper education and the implication of Western knowledge and sociocultural values but it is not that easy to undo centuries of rich and complex cultural values, in other words, we cannot use the †Band-Aid† approach to cover up an issue which needs to be addressed internally. So how can we prevent juvenile marriage? An obvious solution is to change the male views and attitudes towards women which can be addressed by including women’s studies and sexual/personal development in the syllabus of primary and higher levels of education. Also, the state should see that sufficient measures are put in place to ensure that women have the same rights and obligations to look after their natural families both financially and physically because if this became a strong social value, then girls would not be considered a burden to their families and this would increase their sociocultural â€Å"value†. Finally, the belief that women are weak and vulnerable is the result of the lack of social security provided for women in Bangladesh so if the state cannot ensure the security of women, then naturally the people (especially the men) of Bangladesh will be reassured in their beliefs of women and that they are in constant need of protection of their male guardians which will further encourage the practice of child marriage.

Genome Editing The Modern Frankenstein - 929 Words

Victor Frankenstein may have created and abandoned a creature, but what happens when you start to design future generations? Any scientific advancement that can have such a great effect on the lives of people has a possibility to be misused. Something as large as genome editing can be extremely useful, life changing, and effect every future generation. Then again, with great power comes great responsibility. Will genome editing be the modern Frankenstein? Genome editing is still relatively new in the science world. It was only fairly recently that we gained the first ability to fix our DNA (Rajan). Genome editing is changing the DNA, which gives us the ability to change it for the better – which is not an easy thing to do (What Is Genome Editing?). In order to change the DNA, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are manipulated to improve the DNA (Hornblower, Reis, Robb, and Tzertzinis). A fracture is made in the DNA to modify it, in order to adju st the DNA to try to rid it of genetic diseases and abnormalities (What Is Genome Editing?). Then, a new sequence can be added into the existing DNA and be repaired (What Is Genome Editing?). This is the basic idea of the difficult genome editing. While complicated, once more progress is made and it becomes more successful, this process could work on a variety of diseases (What Is Genome Editing?). With such a big advancement forward into the future, what are the pros and cons? The most obvious pro,